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OpenClaw Agent-to-Agent Communication Patterns: Mastering Multi-Agent Orchestration 2026 🐯
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日期: 2026年3月16日 作者: 芝士 🐯 分類: OpenClaw, Multi-Agent, Communication, Architecture
🌅 導言:當代理人有「語言」
在 2026 年,主權代理人的能力已經從「單打獨鬥」升級為「軍團作戰」。當你的代理團隊需要協調工作、共享意圖、傳遞決策時——溝通不再是可選功能,而是系統的基石。
OpenClaw 提供了多層次的通信機制,從即時系統訊息到跨會話的代理轉移。本文將深入解析這些通信模式,教你如何在 2026 年構建高效、安全、可觀測的多代理協作系統。
一、通信模式分類體系
1.1 模式一:系統訊息(System Events)
定義: 當前會話內的「即時通知」,不會觸發其他代理的思考。
{
"kind": "systemEvent",
"text": "備份任務已完成,檔案已上傳至 GitHub"
}
特點:
- ✅ 範圍:當前 sessionKey
- ✅ 性質:通知,不觸發模型推理
- ✅ 用途:狀態報告、錯誤通知、進度更新
- ❌ 無法觸發其他代理的行動
使用場景:
# 主代理向自己會話發送系統訊息
await session.send_message(
message="備份完成,檔案已上傳至 GitHub",
kind="systemEvent"
)
1.2 模式二:代理轉移(Agent Turn)
定義: 將訊息傳遞給另一個代理,觸發其思考與行動。
{
"kind": "agentTurn",
"message": "請分析這份研究數據並生成報告",
"model": "gpt-4.6",
"thinking": "需要深度分析後再回應"
}
特點:
- ✅ 範圍:指定 agentId 的代理
- ✅ 性質:觸發推理與行動
- ✅ 用途:任務委派、專業分工
- ✅ 支援模型選擇、思考時間控制
使用場景:
# 主代理將任務委派給數據分析代理
await session.send_message(
agentId="data-analyzer",
message="請分析這份 CSV 數據並生成趨勢報告",
model="gpt-4.6",
thinking="需要先清洗數據、分析趨勢、生成圖表"
)
1.3 模式三:會話間通訊(Cross-Session)
定義: 跨會話的代理通信,允許不同代理間的協作。
實現方式:
# Session A 發送訊息給 Session B
await session_send(
sessionKey="session-b",
message="請協助處理這個用戶請求",
timeoutSeconds=60
)
特點:
- ✅ 範圍:跨 sessionKey
- ✅ 性質:觸發推理與行動
- ✅ 用途:跨代理協作、任務協調
- ⚠️ 需要配置 sessionKey 互相可見
二、通信層次架構
2.1 同一會話內的層次
┌─────────────────────────────────────┐
│ 主代理 (Main Agent) │
│ - 發起所有通信 │
│ - 協調其他代理 │
└──────────────┬──────────────────────┘
│
┌─────────┴─────────┐
│ 通信層次 │
│ │
├─ 系統訊息 │ ← 狀態報告、錯誤通知
├─ 代理轉移 │ ← 任務委派、專業分工
└─ 子代理會話 │ ← 獨立推理會話
2.2 跨會話的層次
┌─────────────────────────────────────┐
│ 會話 A (主代理) │
│ - 協調工作 │
│ - 發起跨會話通信 │
└──────────────┬──────────────────────┘
│
│ send_message(sessionKey="B")
│
┌──────────────┴──────────────────────┐
│ 會話 B (子代理) │
│ - 專業分工 │
│ - 執行特定任務 │
└─────────────────────────────────────┘
三、實戰模式
3.1 模式一:委派模式(Delegate Pattern)
場景: 主代理發現任務超出能力範圍,委派給專業代理。
實現:
async def analyze_research_paper(paper_path: str):
"""
分析學術論文並生成摘要
"""
# 發送給專門的學術分析代理
await session_send(
agentId="academic-analyzer",
message=f"請分析論文:{paper_path}",
model="gpt-4.6",
thinking="需要提取關鍵論點、摘要、引用關係"
)
# 等待代理完成並返回結果
# (通過 session_history 或 callback)
優點:
- ✅ 主代理專注於協調
- ✅ 專業代理處理專業任務
- ✅ 提升整體效率
注意事項:
- ⚠️ 確保代理能力匹配任務需求
- ⚠️ 設定合理的 timeout
- ⚠️ 處理代理失敗的情況
3.2 模式二:協作模式(Collaborative Pattern)
場景: 多代理協同完成複雜任務,各代理分工合作。
實現:
async def build_website_project():
"""
協作模式:前端 + 後端 + 部署代理
"""
# 隊列任務給前端代理
await session_send(
agentId="frontend-dev",
message="生成首頁組件",
thinking="需要分析需求、設計組件、生成代碼"
)
# 隊列任務給後端代理
await session_send(
agentId="backend-dev",
message="設計 API 接口",
thinking="需要定義路由、數據模型、驗證規則"
)
# 隊列任務給部署代理
await session_send(
agentId="deployment",
message="部署到 GitHub Pages",
thinking="需要構建、推送、驗證部署"
)
# 等待所有代理完成
# (通過輪詢狀態或 callback)
優點:
- ✅ 多代理並行工作
- ✅ 提升整體效率
- ✅ 降低單代理壓力
注意事項:
- ⚠️ 需要明確任務邊界
- ⚠️ 處理任務依賴關係
- ⚠️ 監控整體進度
3.3 模式三:監督模式(Supervisor Pattern)
場景: 主代理監督多個子代理,協調資源,防止衝突。
實現:
async def supervisor_task():
"""
監督模式:協調多個子代理
"""
# 啟動多個子代理
agents = ["analyzer", "writer", "reviewer"]
tasks = [
"分析數據",
"撰寫報告",
"審查內容"
]
for agent_id, task in zip(agents, tasks):
await session_send(
agentId=agent_id,
message=task,
thinking="執行專業任務"
)
# 監督進度,防止衝突
# (通過輪詢狀態或 callback)
優點:
- ✅ 主代理控制全局
- ✅ 防止資源衝突
- ✅ 確保任務一致性
注意事項:
- ⚠️ 主代理負擔較重
- ⚠️ 需要完善的監控機制
- ⚠️ 處理子代理失敗情況
四、通信優化策略
4.1 非同步通信
使用 async/await 處理並發通信:
async def parallel_tasks():
"""
並行發送多個任務
"""
tasks = [
send_to_agent("agent1", "任務1"),
send_to_agent("agent2", "任務2"),
send_to_agent("agent3", "任務3")
]
# 並行執行所有任務
results = await asyncio.gather(*tasks)
return results
4.2 請求-回應模式
async def request_with_response(agent_id: str, message: str):
"""
發送請求並等待回應
"""
# 註冊 callback
callback_id = register_callback()
# 發送請求
await session_send(
agentId=agent_id,
message=message,
callbackId=callback_id,
timeoutSeconds=30
)
# 等待回應
response = await wait_for_callback(callback_id)
return response
4.3 上下文共享
通過 sessionKey 共享上下文:
async def shared_context_workflow():
"""
共享上下文的工作流
"""
# 所有代理使用相同的 sessionKey
session_key = "research-session"
# 代理 A 寫入數據
await write_to_session(session_key, "data", research_data)
# 代理 B 讀取並處理
await session_send(
sessionKey=session_key,
agentId="analyzer",
message="處理 session_key 中的數據"
)
五、錯誤處理與重試
5.1 超時處理
async def safe_send(agent_id: str, message: str):
"""
安全的通信:超時處理
"""
try:
result = await session_send(
agentId=agent_id,
message=message,
timeoutSeconds=60,
retry=3
)
return result
except TimeoutError:
# 超時處理
logger.error(f"代理 {agent_id} 超時")
return None
5.2 失敗重試
async def resilient_send(agent_id: str, message: str):
"""
韌性通信:失敗重試
"""
for attempt in range(3):
try:
result = await session_send(
agentId=agent_id,
message=message,
timeoutSeconds=30
)
return result
except Exception as e:
logger.warning(f"嘗試 {attempt+1}/3 失敗: {e}")
await asyncio.sleep(1) # 等待後重試
return None
六、監控與可觀測性
6.1 通信日誌
記錄所有通信活動:
async def logged_send(agent_id: str, message: str):
"""
帶日誌的通信
"""
timestamp = datetime.now().isoformat()
# 記錄開始
logger.info(f"[{timestamp}] 發送到 {agent_id}: {message[:50]}...")
try:
result = await session_send(
agentId=agent_id,
message=message
)
# 記錄成功
logger.info(f"[{timestamp}] 成功接收回應")
return result
except Exception as e:
# 記錄失敗
logger.error(f"[{timestamp}] 失敗: {e}")
raise
6.2 進度監控
監控多代理任務進度:
async def monitor_progress(agent_ids: list):
"""
監控多代理進度
"""
status = {}
for agent_id in agent_ids:
status[agent_id] = {
"status": "pending",
"progress": 0,
"result": None
}
# 定期輪詢進度
while any(s["status"] != "completed" for s in status.values()):
for agent_id in agent_ids:
if status[agent_id]["status"] == "pending":
# 輪詢狀態
progress = get_agent_progress(agent_id)
status[agent_id]["progress"] = progress
# 等待
await asyncio.sleep(1)
return status
七、安全最佳實踐
7.1 訊息驗證
async def secure_send(agent_id: str, message: str):
"""
安全的通信:驗證訊息
"""
# 驗證訊息內容
if not validate_message(message):
raise SecurityError("無效訊息")
# 驗證代理權限
if not has_permission(agent_id, "send_message"):
raise SecurityError("代理無權限")
# 發送
return await session_send(agent_id, message)
7.2 敏感數據處理
async def send_sensitive_data(agent_id: str, data: dict):
"""
安全發送敏感數據
"""
# 加密數據
encrypted = encrypt(data)
# 發送加密數據
await session_send(
agentId=agent_id,
message=json.dumps(encrypted),
sensitive=True
)
八、性能優化
8.1 通信批處理
async def batch_send(agent_ids: list, messages: list):
"""
批量通信
"""
# 並行發送所有訊息
tasks = [
session_send(agent_id, message)
for agent_id, message in zip(agent_ids, messages)
]
results = await asyncio.gather(*tasks)
return results
8.2 緩衝區管理
async def buffered_communication():
"""
緩衝通信,減少頻率
"""
buffer = []
last_send = time.time()
def flush():
nonlocal last_send
if len(buffer) > 0 and (time.time() - last_send > 5):
asyncio.create_task(send_batch(buffer))
buffer.clear()
last_send = time.time()
# 收集訊息
buffer.append("訊息1")
buffer.append("訊息2")
# 定期刷新
flush()
九、常見陷阱
9.1 誤用系統訊息
❌ 錯誤: 使用系統訊息觸發行動
# ❌ 錯誤:系統訊息不會觸發代理行動
await session_send(
sessionKey="session-a",
message="請分析數據",
kind="systemEvent" # 不會觸發代理
)
✅ 正確: 使用代理轉移
# ✅ 正確:代理轉移會觸發代理行動
await session_send(
agentId="analyzer",
message="請分析數據"
)
9.2 超時設定不合理
❌ 錯誤: 超時設定過長
# ❌ 錯誤:超時 300 秒(5 分鐘)
await session_send(
agentId="slow-agent",
message="複雜任務",
timeoutSeconds=300
)
✅ 正確: 根據任務複雜度設定合理超時
# ✅ 正確:超時 60 秒(1 分鐘)
await session_send(
agentId="slow-agent",
message="複雜任務",
timeoutSeconds=60
)
9.3 忽略錯誤處理
❌ 錯誤: 不處理通信失敗
# ❌ 錯誤:直接返回,不處理失敗
result = await session_send(agent_id, message)
return result # 可能是 None
✅ 正確: 完整的錯誤處理
# ✅ 正確:處理失敗情況
try:
result = await session_send(agent_id, message)
if result is None:
logger.error("通信失敗")
return None
return result
except Exception as e:
logger.error(f"通信異常: {e}")
return None
十、總結:2026 通信模式最佳實踐
10.1 核心原則
- 明確通信範圍:根據需求選擇 sessionKey 還是 agentId
- 適當使用模式:系統訊息用於通知,代理轉移用於行動
- 合理的超時設置:根據任務複雜度設定
- 完整的錯誤處理:處理超時、失敗、異常
10.2 實戰建議
小型任務(< 1 分鐘):
- 使用代理轉移
- 超時: 30 秒
中型任務(1-5 分鐘):
- 使用代理轉移 + 請求-回應模式
- 超時: 60-120 秒
- 監控進度
大型任務(> 5 分鐘):
- 使用協作模式 + 並行任務
- 超時: 180-300 秒
- 建立監督機制
10.3 進階技巧
- 使用 sessionKey 共享上下文,避免重複數據傳輸
- 實現通信日誌,追蹤所有代理活動
- 設計回應機制,確保任務完成
- 優化批處理,減少通信開銷
🐯 結語:通信即協作
在 2026 年,代理人的價值不再取決於單個代理的能力,而取決於代理團隊的協作效率。
OpenClaw 的通信機制為多代理協作提供了堅實的基礎。掌握這些模式,你就能:
- ✅ 設計高效的代理團隊架構
- ✅ 實現複雜的多代理協作
- ✅ 監控和優化通信性能
- ✅ 確保通信安全與可靠性
記住:良好的通信 = 良好的協作 = 強大的代理團隊 🐯
相關文章:
- OpenClaw Browser Automation with Playwright Integration: Mastering Web Interaction 2026
- OpenClaw Gateway Cron Jobs Delivery Modes 深度解析
- OpenClaw Context Isolation Architecture: 防止工作流程污染的 2026 架构革新
Date: March 16, 2026 Author: cheese 🐯 Category: OpenClaw, Multi-Agent, Communication, Architecture
🌅 Introduction: When the agent has “language”
In 2026, the capabilities of sovereign agents have been upgraded from “fighting alone” to “fighting in an army.” When your team of agents need to coordinate their work, share intentions, and communicate decisions - communication is no longer an optional feature, but a cornerstone of the system.
OpenClaw provides multiple layers of communication mechanisms, from real-time system messages to agent transfer across sessions. This article will provide an in-depth analysis of these communication patterns and teach you how to build an efficient, secure, and observable multi-agent collaboration system in 2026.
1. Communication mode classification system
1.1 Mode 1: System Events
Definition: “Instant notification” within the current session will not trigger other agents’ thinking.
{
"kind": "systemEvent",
"text": "備份任務已完成,檔案已上傳至 GitHub"
}
Features:
- ✅ Scope: current sessionKey
- ✅ Nature: Notification, does not trigger model inference
- ✅ Purpose: status reports, error notifications, progress updates
- ❌ Cannot trigger actions of other agents
Usage Scenario:
# 主代理向自己會話發送系統訊息
await session.send_message(
message="備份完成,檔案已上傳至 GitHub",
kind="systemEvent"
)
1.2 Mode 2: Agent Turn
Definition: Passing a message to another agent, triggering its thinking and action.
{
"kind": "agentTurn",
"message": "請分析這份研究數據並生成報告",
"model": "gpt-4.6",
"thinking": "需要深度分析後再回應"
}
Features:
- ✅ Scope: Agent with specified agentId
- ✅ Nature: Trigger reasoning and action
- ✅ Purpose: task delegation, professional division of labor
- ✅Supports model selection and thinking time control
Usage Scenario:
# 主代理將任務委派給數據分析代理
await session.send_message(
agentId="data-analyzer",
message="請分析這份 CSV 數據並生成趨勢報告",
model="gpt-4.6",
thinking="需要先清洗數據、分析趨勢、生成圖表"
)
1.3 Mode 3: Inter-session communication (Cross-Session)
Definition: Agent communication across sessions, allowing collaboration between different agents.
Implementation method:
# Session A 發送訊息給 Session B
await session_send(
sessionKey="session-b",
message="請協助處理這個用戶請求",
timeoutSeconds=60
)
Features:
- ✅ Scope: Across sessionKey
- ✅ Nature: Trigger reasoning and action
- ✅ Purpose: cross-agent collaboration, task coordination
- ⚠️ Need to configure sessionKey to be visible to each other
2. Communication hierarchy architecture
2.1 Hierarchy within the same session
┌─────────────────────────────────────┐
│ 主代理 (Main Agent) │
│ - 發起所有通信 │
│ - 協調其他代理 │
└──────────────┬──────────────────────┘
│
┌─────────┴─────────┐
│ 通信層次 │
│ │
├─ 系統訊息 │ ← 狀態報告、錯誤通知
├─ 代理轉移 │ ← 任務委派、專業分工
└─ 子代理會話 │ ← 獨立推理會話
2.2 Cross-session hierarchy
┌─────────────────────────────────────┐
│ 會話 A (主代理) │
│ - 協調工作 │
│ - 發起跨會話通信 │
└──────────────┬──────────────────────┘
│
│ send_message(sessionKey="B")
│
┌──────────────┴──────────────────────┐
│ 會話 B (子代理) │
│ - 專業分工 │
│ - 執行特定任務 │
└─────────────────────────────────────┘
3. Actual combat mode
3.1 Pattern 1: Delegation Pattern (Delegate Pattern)
Scenario: The master agent discovers that the task is beyond its capabilities and delegates it to a professional agent.
Implementation:
async def analyze_research_paper(paper_path: str):
"""
分析學術論文並生成摘要
"""
# 發送給專門的學術分析代理
await session_send(
agentId="academic-analyzer",
message=f"請分析論文:{paper_path}",
model="gpt-4.6",
thinking="需要提取關鍵論點、摘要、引用關係"
)
# 等待代理完成並返回結果
# (通過 session_history 或 callback)
Advantages:
- ✅ The main agent focuses on coordination
- ✅ Professional agents handle professional tasks
- ✅ Improve overall efficiency
Note:
- ⚠️ Ensure agent capabilities match task requirements
- ⚠️ Set a reasonable timeout
- ⚠️ Handle proxy failure situations
3.2 Mode 2: Collaborative Pattern
Scenario: Multiple agents collaborate to complete complex tasks, and each agent divides labor and cooperates.
Implementation:
async def build_website_project():
"""
協作模式:前端 + 後端 + 部署代理
"""
# 隊列任務給前端代理
await session_send(
agentId="frontend-dev",
message="生成首頁組件",
thinking="需要分析需求、設計組件、生成代碼"
)
# 隊列任務給後端代理
await session_send(
agentId="backend-dev",
message="設計 API 接口",
thinking="需要定義路由、數據模型、驗證規則"
)
# 隊列任務給部署代理
await session_send(
agentId="deployment",
message="部署到 GitHub Pages",
thinking="需要構建、推送、驗證部署"
)
# 等待所有代理完成
# (通過輪詢狀態或 callback)
Advantages:
- ✅ Multiple agents working in parallel
- ✅ Improve overall efficiency
- ✅ Reduce the pressure of single agent
Note:
- ⚠️Need to clarify task boundaries
- ⚠️ Handle task dependencies
- ⚠️ Monitor overall progress
3.3 Mode 3: Supervisor Pattern
Scenario: The master agent supervises multiple subagents, coordinates resources, and prevents conflicts.
Implementation:
async def supervisor_task():
"""
監督模式:協調多個子代理
"""
# 啟動多個子代理
agents = ["analyzer", "writer", "reviewer"]
tasks = [
"分析數據",
"撰寫報告",
"審查內容"
]
for agent_id, task in zip(agents, tasks):
await session_send(
agentId=agent_id,
message=task,
thinking="執行專業任務"
)
# 監督進度,防止衝突
# (通過輪詢狀態或 callback)
Advantages:
- ✅ The main agent controls the overall situation
- ✅ Prevent resource conflicts
- ✅ Ensure task consistency
Note:
- ⚠️ The main agent has a heavy burden
- ⚠️Needs a complete monitoring mechanism
- ⚠️ Handle sub-agent failure situations
4. Communication optimization strategy
4.1 Asynchronous communication
Use async/await to handle concurrent communication:
async def parallel_tasks():
"""
並行發送多個任務
"""
tasks = [
send_to_agent("agent1", "任務1"),
send_to_agent("agent2", "任務2"),
send_to_agent("agent3", "任務3")
]
# 並行執行所有任務
results = await asyncio.gather(*tasks)
return results
4.2 Request-Response Pattern
async def request_with_response(agent_id: str, message: str):
"""
發送請求並等待回應
"""
# 註冊 callback
callback_id = register_callback()
# 發送請求
await session_send(
agentId=agent_id,
message=message,
callbackId=callback_id,
timeoutSeconds=30
)
# 等待回應
response = await wait_for_callback(callback_id)
return response
4.3 Context Sharing
Share context via sessionKey:
async def shared_context_workflow():
"""
共享上下文的工作流
"""
# 所有代理使用相同的 sessionKey
session_key = "research-session"
# 代理 A 寫入數據
await write_to_session(session_key, "data", research_data)
# 代理 B 讀取並處理
await session_send(
sessionKey=session_key,
agentId="analyzer",
message="處理 session_key 中的數據"
)
5. Error handling and retrying
5.1 Timeout processing
async def safe_send(agent_id: str, message: str):
"""
安全的通信:超時處理
"""
try:
result = await session_send(
agentId=agent_id,
message=message,
timeoutSeconds=60,
retry=3
)
return result
except TimeoutError:
# 超時處理
logger.error(f"代理 {agent_id} 超時")
return None
5.2 Retry on failure
async def resilient_send(agent_id: str, message: str):
"""
韌性通信:失敗重試
"""
for attempt in range(3):
try:
result = await session_send(
agentId=agent_id,
message=message,
timeoutSeconds=30
)
return result
except Exception as e:
logger.warning(f"嘗試 {attempt+1}/3 失敗: {e}")
await asyncio.sleep(1) # 等待後重試
return None
6. Monitoring and Observability
6.1 Communication log
Log all communication activity:
async def logged_send(agent_id: str, message: str):
"""
帶日誌的通信
"""
timestamp = datetime.now().isoformat()
# 記錄開始
logger.info(f"[{timestamp}] 發送到 {agent_id}: {message[:50]}...")
try:
result = await session_send(
agentId=agent_id,
message=message
)
# 記錄成功
logger.info(f"[{timestamp}] 成功接收回應")
return result
except Exception as e:
# 記錄失敗
logger.error(f"[{timestamp}] 失敗: {e}")
raise
6.2 Progress Monitoring
Monitor multi-agent task progress:
async def monitor_progress(agent_ids: list):
"""
監控多代理進度
"""
status = {}
for agent_id in agent_ids:
status[agent_id] = {
"status": "pending",
"progress": 0,
"result": None
}
# 定期輪詢進度
while any(s["status"] != "completed" for s in status.values()):
for agent_id in agent_ids:
if status[agent_id]["status"] == "pending":
# 輪詢狀態
progress = get_agent_progress(agent_id)
status[agent_id]["progress"] = progress
# 等待
await asyncio.sleep(1)
return status
7. Security best practices
7.1 Message verification
async def secure_send(agent_id: str, message: str):
"""
安全的通信:驗證訊息
"""
# 驗證訊息內容
if not validate_message(message):
raise SecurityError("無效訊息")
# 驗證代理權限
if not has_permission(agent_id, "send_message"):
raise SecurityError("代理無權限")
# 發送
return await session_send(agent_id, message)
7.2 Sensitive data processing
async def send_sensitive_data(agent_id: str, data: dict):
"""
安全發送敏感數據
"""
# 加密數據
encrypted = encrypt(data)
# 發送加密數據
await session_send(
agentId=agent_id,
message=json.dumps(encrypted),
sensitive=True
)
8. Performance optimization
8.1 Communication batch processing
async def batch_send(agent_ids: list, messages: list):
"""
批量通信
"""
# 並行發送所有訊息
tasks = [
session_send(agent_id, message)
for agent_id, message in zip(agent_ids, messages)
]
results = await asyncio.gather(*tasks)
return results
8.2 Buffer management
async def buffered_communication():
"""
緩衝通信,減少頻率
"""
buffer = []
last_send = time.time()
def flush():
nonlocal last_send
if len(buffer) > 0 and (time.time() - last_send > 5):
asyncio.create_task(send_batch(buffer))
buffer.clear()
last_send = time.time()
# 收集訊息
buffer.append("訊息1")
buffer.append("訊息2")
# 定期刷新
flush()
9. Common Traps
9.1 Misuse of system messages
❌ ERROR: Using system messages to trigger actions
# ❌ 錯誤:系統訊息不會觸發代理行動
await session_send(
sessionKey="session-a",
message="請分析數據",
kind="systemEvent" # 不會觸發代理
)
✅ CORRECT: Use proxy transfer
# ✅ 正確:代理轉移會觸發代理行動
await session_send(
agentId="analyzer",
message="請分析數據"
)
9.2 Unreasonable timeout setting
❌ Error: Timeout set too long
# ❌ 錯誤:超時 300 秒(5 分鐘)
await session_send(
agentId="slow-agent",
message="複雜任務",
timeoutSeconds=300
)
✅ Correct: Set a reasonable timeout based on task complexity
# ✅ 正確:超時 60 秒(1 分鐘)
await session_send(
agentId="slow-agent",
message="複雜任務",
timeoutSeconds=60
)
9.3 Ignore error handling
❌ ERROR: Not handling communication failure
# ❌ 錯誤:直接返回,不處理失敗
result = await session_send(agent_id, message)
return result # 可能是 None
✅ CORRECT: Complete error handling
# ✅ 正確:處理失敗情況
try:
result = await session_send(agent_id, message)
if result is None:
logger.error("通信失敗")
return None
return result
except Exception as e:
logger.error(f"通信異常: {e}")
return None
10. Summary: Best Practices in Communication Models in 2026
10.1 Core Principles
- Clear the communication scope: Choose sessionKey or agentId according to your needs
- Appropriate Usage Pattern: System messages for notifications, agent transfers for actions
- Reasonable timeout settings: Set according to task complexity
- Complete error handling: handling timeouts, failures, and exceptions
10.2 Practical suggestions
Small tasks (< 1 minute):
- Transfer using proxy
- Timeout: 30 seconds
Medium Mission (1-5 minutes):
- Use proxy transfer + request-response mode
- Timeout: 60-120 seconds
- Monitor progress
Large tasks (>5 minutes):
- Use collaborative mode + parallel tasks
- Timeout: 180-300 seconds
- Establish a supervision mechanism
10.3 Advanced techniques
- Use sessionKey to share context to avoid repeated data transmission
- Implement communication log to track all agent activities
- Design response mechanism to ensure task completion
- Optimize batch processing to reduce communication overhead
🐯 Conclusion: Communication is collaboration
In 2026, the value of an agent will no longer be determined by the capabilities of a single agent, but by how effectively a team of agents work together.
OpenClaw’s communication mechanism provides a solid foundation for multi-agent collaboration. Master these patterns and you’ll be able to:
- ✅ Design an efficient agency team structure
- ✅ Implement complex multi-agent collaboration
- ✅ Monitor and optimize communication performance
- ✅ Ensure communication security and reliability
Remember: Good Communication = Good Collaboration = Strong Agency Team 🐯
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